��ͨTOD��ܶȷ��ݻ��ȷ��й��ͨ3��Ϊ��ϣ�

2011-6-27

��ժ Ҫ��Ϊ��ͨվ��ܱ��ؿ��Ҫ��γ�TOD�ķ�չ��֣��վ��ͺͿ��Ȧ��湹��վ��ܱ��ؿ��ܶȷ��ƶȣ��ƶ�һ��ڲ�ͬ��Ŀ��ǿ�ȱ�׼��Ϊ��ؿ��ݻ��ʵĿ��׼��ݳ�վ��ܶ�λ��վ��Ϊ�ۺ�վ��һ��վ��ַ�չ��ͣ��÷ǲ��ͳ��ѧ�ľֲ��Իع鷨�Եؼۺ͵ؿ��վ��ϣ�ȷ��ͨӰ��뾶��վ��ܱ߻��Ϊ��Ȧ�㣬300m��Ϊ��ܶȸ��Ͽ��300-600m֮��Ϊ��ܶȿ��600-1000m֮��Ϊ��ܶȿ��ǿ��õ��복վ��Ӷ��ݼ��ҵ��Ӧ��ں��Ȧ�㡣Ӧ�þ��ѧԭ��ؿ��ǿ��뿪��Ĺ�ϵ��ʹ��ؿ��ݻ��ʣ��Ϊ�Ż�Ŀ�꣬��ؿ��ǿ��Ż�ģ�ͣ��Է��й��ͨ3��סլ�ۼۺͽ��ɱ��˸��ܶȷ��ѿ��ǿ�ȡ�

�ؼ��ʣ��ܶȷ��ǿ�ȣ��ݻ��ʣ��Ϳ��ͨ

��Ϳ��translt-oriented development TOD��Ϊʵ�ֳ��пɳ��չ��Ч��ԣ��ͨ��TOD��ǿ�Ľ�ͨ��ʽ��ͨTOD��ĺ��ǽ��ͨ��ؿ��ܽ�ϣ�ʵ�ֶ��صļ�Լ��ã�Ϊ��ͨ�ṩ��ͨվ��ܱ��ؿ��ܶȷ��滮�Ϳ��ؿ��ǿ�ȣ��Ч��صĻ��ǳɹ�ʵʩ��ͨTOD�Ĺؼ��

��TOD��ʵʩ��ѧģ�Ͷ�վ��ܱ߿��ǿ�ȵ��о�Խ��Խ�ࡣ��֮��ȣ��ڴӶ��Թ��ͨTOD��ǿ�ȵ��о��٣��й��ܶȷ��Ϳ��ǿ�ȵ��о��Գ��Ϊ��û��ֹ��ͨ��ط�չ�Ĵ��ü��õظ�ǿ�ȿ��ص㣬Ϊ�ˣ��Ľ��й��ͨ3��߹滮��Թ��ͨTOD��õ��о��ͨվ��ؿ��ܶȷ��ƶȣ��ƶ�һ��ڲ�ͬ��Ŀ��ǿ�ȱ�׼��Ϊ��ؿ��ݻ��ʵĿ��׼��

��Ҫ�о��ݰ��棺��һ��ͨվ��ܱ��ؼ۸��ؿ��վ��Ĺ�ϵ��ȷ��ͨ��ص��ЧӰ�췶Χ��ͨվ��ܱ��ص��ܶȷ��ƶȣ��ڶ��þ��ѧԭ��Ϊ�Ż�Ŀ�꣬�ƶ��ܶȷ��ѵؿ��ݻ��ʡ�

��1 �ܶȷ��ں�

��ܶȣ�ͨ��ָÿһ�ռ䵥λ��ķֲ��ڳ��й滮��ָ��λ��ϵĽ��ؿ��ǿ�ȣ��ݻ��Ϊ��ܶȷ��ǳ��ܽ��Ӧ�˿��ڳ��пռ��ϵ��ֲ��֡��ܶȷ��ͨ��Կ��ǿ�ȵĿ�ѧ�涨��ʹÿһ��Ŀ��ݻ��ʶ��ܵ��ޣ��Ӷ��ٳɳ��з�չ�뻷��֮��ƽ�⡣

��ݻ��ʣ��ֳ��¥��ʣ�floor area ratwo��FAR��ǵؿ��н��ܽ��ؿ��ı�ֵ��ǿ�ȣ��ǳ��й滮��һ��Ҫ�ļ��ָ��Ϳ��ָ�ꡣ��ʵ��Ӧ��У��ݻ��ʷ�Ϊ��ͬ��ͺͲ�Σ��ؿ��ȡֵ�Ĳ�ͬ��Ϊë�ݻ��ʺ;��ݻ��ʣ��Ӳ��Ϸ�Ϊ��ƽ��ݻ��ʡ��ڵ��Ŀ�ݻ��ʵȡ��о��ݻ��Ϊ�ؿ��ݻ��ʡ�

����2 �ܶȷ��Ĺ��

��2.1 ��ԭ��

��ܶȷ��Ӧ��м��ѹ滮�Ļ��ʩ��ͻ��Э��վ��ܱߵĿ��͹��ܶ�λ��߻��Ϊ��ͬ��չ��ͣ�ȷ��Ӧ��ܶȷ��ƶȼ��ǿ�ȡ�

��ڹ��ͨ��ؿ��໥��û��Ӧ�Թ��ͨվ��ܱߵ��ؽ��и�ǿ�ȿ��ҿ��ǿ��վ��½��ơ�

��ڲ��з�ʽ��з�Χ�ڼӴ��ؿ��ǿ�ȡ��ͨ�Ŀ�Դ��Ϊֱ�ӿ�Դ�ͻ��˿�Դ��ֱ�ӿ�Դ��ָ�ڹ��վ��з�Χ�ڡ��軻��ֱ��ʹ�ù��ͨ��˿ڡ��жԾ��з�ʽ�ĵ��ʾ��г��ʱ��༯��6-10min��Χ�ڣ��Բ��ٶ�4km��h��в��㣬��Ĳ��з�ΧΪ400-700m��

��2.2 ��

��ԭ�򣬴��湹��ͨTOD��ܶȷ��ƶȣ��1��վ��λ�͹��ܶ�λ��ȷ��չ��ͣ��2��ݵؿ��վ��ľ��룬��Ȧ�㡣

��2.3 ��չ��

��ؿ��õع��Լ��ͨ�Ӳ��й��ͨ3��ߵĳ�վ��Ϊ�ۺ��Ŧվ��һ��վ��ࡣ�ۺ��Ŧվ��λ�ڹ��ͨ��·��Ҫ��ͨ��ʽ��Ӳ��վ�㣻һ��վ��λ��һ��ס��ҵ��ĵ�վ�㡣

��2.4 ��ЧӰ��Ȧ�㻮��

��2.4.1 վ��ܱߵؼ�Ӱ��뾶

��3��߻�δ��ɣ��ڵ��1��ߵؼ��ݣ��2006��ϰ��꣬��÷ǲ��ͳ��ѧ�ľֲ��Իع鷨��ϣ�ȷ��ͨӰ��뾶��ͼ1��ͼ2��

��Ͻ��վ��ҵ�ؼ��½��ԣ�סլ�ؼ��Խ�Ϊƽ�ȣ��Ҵ�Լ��250-300m��600m��1000m��н��Ե�ͻ�䡣��˿��ȷ��ͨ��õص�1��Ӱ��뾶R₁��300-400m��2��Ӱ��뾶R₂��500-600m��3��Ӱ��뾶R₃��1000m��վ��ΪԲ�Ľ��ܱ��õػ��Ϊ��ͬ��Բ��գ��Ϊ��1��R₁-R₂Ϊ��2��R₂-R₃Ϊ��3��У��1Ϊ��Ӱ�췶Χ��2Ϊ��Ч��ż�ֵ��Χ��3Ϊ��ЧӰ�췶Χ��R₃��Ӱ�졣

��2.4.2 �ܶȷ��

��򻮷ַ��Ϊ��ͨվ��ܱ��ؿ��ܶȷ��ƶȡ��У�1��2��λ�ڲ��ż�ֵ��Χ�ڣ�Ӧ��ص㿪��

��1��ܶ�1��λΪ��ܶȸ��Ͽ��Ը��Ӧ��и�ǿ�ȣ��õؿ��ҵ��칫�õ��Ҫ��ڸ��򣬿��ۺ��վ��ģ�סլ��ʽ�߲㿪��Ϊ��ҵȹ¥��

��2��ܶ�2��λΪ��ܶȿ��е�ǿ�ȵ�סլ��Ϊ��ڲ��з�չǱ��ĵؿ��ð칫�õء�

��3��ܶ�3��λΪ��ܶȿ��ܹ��ϵͳ��ƣ�Ӧ��ؿ��ǿ�ȣ��Ӵ󹫹��̵ء��԰�ȹ��ʩ��ء�

��3 �ݻ��ʵ�ȷ��

��3.1 ȷ��ԭ��

��۵��ȷ��ԭ�򣺣�1��ܶȷ��忪��ǿ��Ҫ��ع�Ӧ��г��Ը��ཨ��֮��ľ��⣻��2��֤��ؿ��ǿ��к͹滮��ʩ��ƽ�⣬��ȷ��ڻ��ķ�Χ֮�ڣ��3��˵��ͨվ��ܱߵ��ݻ��ؿ��վ��Ӷ��½��

��3.2 ȷ��

��3.2.1 ��ݻ��ȷ��ľ��ѧԭ��

��ؾ��ѧ��λ��ۣ��ܶȷֲ�Ӧȷ��ؼ�ֵ�ĳ��ʵ�ֺ͹��ʩ��Ч��ã��͸��󻯡��ؿ��ſ��ǿ�ȵ��һζ��󣬻��Ǵ��ʹ��󻯵��ݻ��ʣ�Ϊ�ˣ��Ӿ��ѧ�ĽǶȶ��ؿ��뿪��ǿ�ȵĹ�ϵ��ж��Է��

��ͼ3Ϊ��ؿ��ĳɱ�һЧ��ߣ�TC��TR�ֱ�Ϊ��ؿ��ܳɱ��棨��룩��ͼ��֪��ݻ��ʴ��ؼ��㣺��1��FAR��Oʱ��棬��Ӧ�ĳɱ�Ϊ�̶��ɱ��Ҫ��س��÷ѣ��2��ɱ��Ч��ཻ��A��D�㣬�ɱ��Ч��ȣ��Ϊ�㣬�Դ��ݻ��ʽ��п��պ��ջؿ��ɱ��3��Ѿ��ݻ��FAR^*��ʱ��ؿ��

��ɼ��FAR_a��FAR_b��Ϊ��ؿ��ݻ��䣬FAR^*Ϊ��״̬��ݻ��ʡ��ڣ�FAR_a��FAR^*��ڣ��ؿ��濪��ǿ�ȵ��ڣ�FAR^*��FAR_b��ڣ��ؿ��濪��ǿ�ȵ��С��

��ͼ4�ӱ߼ʳɱ��ͱ߼�Ч��ĽǶȽ�һ��ѿ��ǿ��˲��ʵ�߷ֱ��Ǿ��Ч��ı߼ʳɱ��ͱ߼�Ч�棬�߼ʳɱ��߼�Ч�潻��Ӧ��ݻ��Ϊ��Ч��ݻ��FAR^*��Ŀ��ⲿ�ɱ��ڸ�ЧӦ��ɵ��ɱ�Ҫ��ڸ��˳ɱ��߼ʳɱ��ھ��ñ߼ʳɱ��֮�ϣ��ݻ��ҪС��ݻ��ʡ�

��Ϸ��ؿ��ɱ��ݻ��֮��Ĺ�ϵ��1��ʹ��ؿ��ǿ�ȱ��λ��ض��ڣ��ݻ��ʵ��ݻ��ʻ��ݻ��ʱ��Ϊ��2��ϴ��ʹ��󻯵��ݻ��ʣ��3��Ч��ݻ��С��Ѿ��Ч��ݻ��ʡ�

��Դ��¼�� й滮��